Which technique is used for permanently destroying media so that it cannot be reconstructed?

Shredding is an effective technique for permanently destroying media, particularly paper documents, such that the information cannot be reconstructed. When shredding occurs, the media is cut into small, unreadable pieces that render the original content irretrievable. This method is particularly useful for handling sensitive information that must be securely disposed of, as it physically alters the media to the point where it cannot be put back together or analyzed.

In contrast, pulping involves breaking down material into a slurry but is generally used for larger quantities of paper and may not guarantee complete destruction of information in all cases. Wiping pertains to the process of overwriting storage media to eliminate data, but this may still leave residual information that can potentially be recovered. Encrypting, while an important security measure, does not destroy data but rather protects it from unauthorized access. Therefore, shredding stands out as the only method among the choices that ensures permanent destruction of media.